#PYTHON INVALID SYNTAX HOW TO#
#PYTHON INVALID SYNTAX CODE#

In the sections below, youвЂ™ll see some of the more common reasons that a SyntaењЋrror might be raised and how you can fix them. When you encounter a SyntaењЋrror for the first time, itвЂ™s helpful to know why there was a problem and what you might do to fix the invalid syntax in your Python code. YouвЂ™ll take a closer look at these exceptions in a later section.

#PYTHON INVALID SYNTAX CODE#

A TabError is raised when your code uses both tabs and spaces in the same file. An IndentationError is raised when the indentation levels of your code donвЂ™t match up. These exceptions both inherit from the SyntaењЋrror class, but theyвЂ™re special cases where indentation is concerned. These are equivalent to SyntaењЋrror but have different names: There are two other exceptions that you might see Python raise. The SyntaењЋrror traceback might not point to the real problem, but it will point to the first place where the interpreter couldnвЂ™t make sense of the syntax. In the example above, the file name given was theofficefacts.py, the line number was 5, and the caret pointed to the closing quote of the dictionary key michael.

The error message that comes after the exception type SyntaењЋrror, which can provide information to help you determine the problem.

A caret ( ^) on the line below the reproduced code, which shows you the point in the code that has a problem.

The line number and reproduced line of code where the issue was encountered.

The file name where the invalid syntax was encountered.

There are a few elements of a SyntaењЋrror traceback that can help you determine where the invalid syntax is in your code:

#PYTHON INVALID SYNTAX HOW TO#

To learn more about the Python traceback and how to read them, check out Understanding the Python Traceback and Getting the Most out of a Python Traceback. In Python code in a file, there canвЂ™t be any other code between the if and the else.Note: This tutorial assumes that you know the basics of PythonвЂ™s tracebacks. In the REPL it must be written on the line after your last line of indented code. If your if statement ran, your else statement will never run. The else statement is what you want to run if and only if your if statement wasnвЂ™t triggered.ДЄn else statement is part of an if statement. > if b is True: # b does not contain the actual value of True. > if a is True: # we can explicitly check if a is True > if a and b: # this is True, a is True, b is 'truthy' > b = # b is a list with items, is 'truthy' In Python, we do not want to compare to True or False with =.Дo this instead: > if 3 > a = True # a is set to True With conditional statements, we check for that value implicitly.

Remember, comparisons in Python evaluate to True or False. Using the same technique, you can also nest your if statements. Notice how the code belonging to the if statement is indented at two levels. You can easily declare if statements in your functions, you just need to mindful of the level of indentation.

Any of those structures with items in it is Truth-y.

An empty list, set, tuple or dict is False-y.The number 0 is False-y, any other number (including negatives) is Truth-y.

If statements also work with items that have a вЂњtruthinessвЂќ to them. If you only want your code to run if the expression is False, use the not keyword. Remember, your if statements only run if the expression in them evaluates to True and just like with functions, youвЂ™ll need to enter an extra space in the REPL to run it. The course content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Python invalid syntax